Brooder



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

E. S. RENWIGK.'

B30013113. Y No. 353,968. Patented Dec. 7', 1886.

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2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

E. S. RBNWIGK.

BROODER.

Patented Dem?, 1886.

UNTTED STATES PATENT Ormes.,

EDXVARD SABINE REN'VICK, OF MILLBURN, NEV JERSEY.

BROODER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 353,968, dated December 7, 1886.

Application filed March 4, 1886. Serial No. 1944,045. (No model.)

To all whom' it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EDWARD SABINE REN- WICK, ot' Millburn, in theconnty of Essex and State of' New Jersey, have made an invention of certain new and useful Improvements in Brooders for Young Poultry; and l do hereby declare that the following, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a full, clear, and exact description and specification of the same.

`This invention is an improvement upon the Ventilating-broeder described in the patent granted to me May 6, 1879, No. 215,070, and the object ot the improvement is to enable a brooder embodying substantially the same invention to be manufactured at a low cost.

To this end my present invention consists of certain combinations and arrangements of devices which are recited in detail in the claims at the close of this specification.

In ordy r that the said invention may be fully understood, I have represented in the accompanying drawings and will proceed to describe the best form in which l have thus far embodied my invention for practical use.

Figure l of the said drawings represents a top view of a brooder for young chickens. Fig. 2 represents a top view of the same with the brood-cover removed. Fig. 3 represents a transverse section of the saine at the line w x of Fig. l. Fig. 4 represents a transverse section of the same at the line yg/of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 represents a horizontal section of the brooder at the line e e of Fig. 3. Fig. 3:I represents a transverse section ofthe brooder corresponding with that of Fig. 3, but with the lower end of the cold-air tubes communicating with the air outside the body ofthe brooder.

The body D of the said brooder7 which also forms the lamp-chamber or furnace, is of box form. and is covered at its top by a plate of sheet-iron, m, which forms the under side of the hot-air chamber C. rl`he four sides of this hot-air chamber are inclosed by strips a a,and its top is formed by the broodfloor G. The brood-hoor is formed of thin boards-say, onehalt' inch thick-so that it is apoor conductor of heat,`aud the brood-cover E is supported upon this floor by means of four standards, b. The lamp H, by means ot' which the broeder is heated, is set in the body of the brooder beneath the sheet-iron bottom m of the hot-air,

chamber, the lamp being introduced into the body of the broeder through an opening, d, formed in one Yof the sides thereof for that purpose. The fumes from the lamp are permitted to escape through oritices c, formed in the sides ot' the body D,beneath the bottom in of the hot-air chamber. The rim ofthe broodcover E has a curtain, f, suspended from it to inclose the brood-chamber A, the said curtain being slit at intervals, to enable the chickens to pass readily to and from the brood-chainbei'.

In order that the brood-chamber may be ventilated with Warm air, the brood-floor G is perforatcd with holes s, to permit warm air to rise from the Warmair chamber C beneath7 these holes constituting outlets for said Warm air, and in order that ,the external or cool air may have access to the hot-air chamber the sheet' metal plate forming its bottoni is perforated with one or more holes or inlets, i' i'. These cold-air inlets i" are arranged to discharge air into the hot-air chamber C close to the posi tion ofthe lamp H, which position is thus the most heated part of said chamber, and the Warm-air holes or outlets s of the brood-floor G are arranged at a distance from the position of the lamp orhottestpart of said hot-air chamber. This relative arrangement of the coldair inlets and the Warm-air outlets is a distinguishing characteristic of my present invention, and is important, because in the said brooder the brood door is heated from beneath, and, being a conductor of heat, (although a poor one as compared with metah) is hot at its upper side, Where the chickens squat or stand upon it, and by reason of the said arrangement the cold air enters the hotair chamber at or near the most heated part thereof', and rising against the under side of' t1iebroodtloor G prevents the latter from being heated as hot as it otherwise would be in consequence of its proximity to the position of the lamp or to the most heated part of the bottom of the hot-air chamber. On the other hand, the current or currents of air in the hot-air chamber iiow (as indicated by the arrowsin Figs. 2 and 4) from the vicinity of the lamp at H, or the most heated part ofthe bottom ofthe hot-air chamber, toward the sides ofthe brood-chaiii bei', and consequently the outer portions ot' the floor of the brood-chamber are heated hotter than they would be if currents of external air were caused 'to pass from the sides of the hot air chamber toward the most heated part thereof and had an outlet there,.as has been effected in brooders made previous to my present invention. The practical result of the arrangement is. that the brood-Hoor is more equally heated than it would be by the reverse arrangement of cold-air and hot-air openings, the heat of the brood-floor over the lamp being cooler and the heat of it's outer portions being warmer than they would be by a reverse arrangement of the hot-air outlets and cold air inlets.

In order that the fumes of the lamp may be kept out of the hot-air chamber, the cold-air inlets in the bottom of the hot-air chamber are fitted with tubes l Z, whose lower ends areprefbe set upon the oor of the run, and an inclined walk, K, may be provided, to permit the chickens to pass from the brood-Hoor G to the iioor of the chicken-run. This inclined walk K may be removable and so placed as to cover the opening d, through which the lamp is introduced. If the inclined Walk is not so placed, the' said opening should be closed by a door, and holes for the entrance of air should be made in the sides of the body, at or near the-lower edges thereof'. In practice I find it expedient to make the broodtloor about three feet square, and the brood-cover two feet square. I also find it expedient to use two lcoldair inlet-tubes, l, each about one and one-fourth inch in diameter, and to use four warm-air-outlet tubes, t, each about one inch in diameter. fer to use a lamp-burner which will ,burn without a chimney, as -this Variety of lampburner permits the brooder to be made of less height than when a lamp-burner with a chimney is used.

rIhe capacity of the brooder may be doubled by making the brood-door and broodcover in the form of parallelograms, the former about three feet wide by five feet long, and the brood-cover being about two feet wide by four feet long, in which case two lamps I also pre-l Although I prefer to use thin boards as the poor heat-conducting material for the broodfloor, the invention is not limited to a board iioor, as the broodfloor may be made of two thicknesses of sheet-iron separa-ted by a space which may be filled with earth or sand; or the iioor may be made in the form of a tray, which may be filled with sand.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination, substantially as before .y

set forth, of the broodfloor of poor heat-conducting material, the hot-airchamber beneath the said brood-door, the cold-air inlet to said chamber, arranged in the vicinity of the most heated part thereof, and a warm-air outlet of said chamber, arranged at a distance from the most heated part of said chamber.

2. The combination, substantially as before set forth, of the broodfloor of poor heat-conducting material, the hot-air chamber beneath said brood-Hoor, and the coldair inlet to said hot-air chamber, arranged in the vicinity of the most heated part thereof and fitted with a tube. Y

3. The combination, substantially as before set forth, of the brood-floor of poor heat-conducting material, the hot-air chamber beneath said brood-Hoor, and the warm-air outlet from said hot air chamber, arranged at a distance from the most heated part thereof and ,itted with a tube. 4. The combination, substantially as before set forth, of the broodfloor of poor heat-conducting material, the brood-cover above the said brood-Hoor, the hot-air chamber beneath the said brood-floor, the cold-air inlet to said hot-air chamber, arranged in the vicinity of the most heated part thereof, and a warmair outlet from the said chamber, arranged at a distance from the most heated part thereof.

In witness whereof I have hereto set` my hand this 2d day of March, A. .D. 1886.

EDWARD SABINE EENwicir.

Witnesses:

WALTER STABLEE,

ELAM WARNER.

IOO 

